Hemorrhoids develop when veins in the anus and rectum become swollen and inflamed. This is often due to increased pressure, such as from straining during bowel movements, chronic constipation or diarrhea, pregnancy, or obesity. The inflammation leads to the characteristic symptoms of hemorrhoids, including pain, itching, bleeding during bowel movements, and the possible protrusion of a lump near the anus. Treatment options range from lifestyle changes, such as increasing fiber intake and drinking plenty of water, to medical procedures like sclerotherapy or surgery in more severe cases.