When chlorine reacts with hot and concentrated sodium hydroxide (NaOH), it undergoes a disproportionation reaction, meaning the chlorine atoms are both oxidized and reduced. The primary products formed are sodium chloride (NaCl) and sodium chlorate (NaClO3), commonly referred to as compounds X and Y respectively. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is 3Cl2 + 6NaOH → 5NaCl + NaClO3 + 3H2O. This reaction is often used in industrial processes to produce sodium chlorate, a strong oxidizing agent.